What is adolescent obesity and what are its health and psychosocial consequences?

• A. Excess body weight during adolescence; risks include metabolic syndrome, diabetes, stigma, and reduced self-esteem
• B. A temporary weight gain with no health risks
• C. A sign of high physical activity
• D. A condition unrelated to psychosocial outcomes

Answer: (A)

Adolescent obesity refers to excess body weight during adolescence, typically defined by a BMI percentile for age and sex at or above the 95th percentile. It is not a temporary weight gain; it reflects sustained excess body fat and increases health risks such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, abnormal lipids, fatty liver disease, and orthopedic problems. It also brings psychosocial consequences like stigma and bullying, low self-esteem, and depression, which can lead to social withdrawal and reduced quality of life. This combination of physical health risks and psychosocial impact shows why obesity in adolescence is a serious concern that requires attention from families, schools, and healthcare providers.