What are the two substages of Kohlberg's conventional stage of moral development?

• A. Interpersonal accord and law and order
• B. Obedience and punishment
• C. Universal ethical principles
• D. Social contract

Answer: (A)

Kohlberg’s conventional stage centers on moral reasoning guided by social norms and expectations. Within this level, the two substages are interpersonal accord and conformity, where actions are driven by the desire to gain approval and maintain good relationships, and law and order, where emphasis shifts to upholding laws, rules, and social duties to preserve order in society. The first focuses on fitting in and being seen as "good" by others, while the second emphasizes duty to follow rules and respect authority to keep the social system working.

The other terms belong to different stages: obedience and punishment is from the earlier, preconventional level; universal ethical principles and social contract are part of the later, postconventional level.